Malaysian Team On Pulau Batu Puteh All Set For Final Round

From Nor Faridah A. Rashid

THE HAGUE, Nov 21 - Malaysia is all set for the final round of its oral arguments on the sovereignty dispute over Pulau Batu Puteh, Middle Rocks and South Ledge before the International Court of Justice here (ICJ) on Thursday and Friday.

Despite having to work until the wee hours of the morning, the Malaysian delegation is in high spirits and cheerful mood.

The Malaysian legal team will reply to submissions put up by Singapore on Monday and Tuesday during the republic's second round of oral pleadings.

Singapore's first round of oral submissions was heard over four days on Nov 6-9 while Malaysia presented the first round of oral submissions from Nov 13 to 16.

When Singapore closed its case on Tuesday, among other things, the republic argued that it had shown that in 1847, Pulau Batu Puteh was terra nullius (No Man's Land) and that from 1847 to 1851, Britain was in possession of the island without the consent of any native ruler.

Singapore's agent, Tommy Koh, said Malaysia had argued that it had given permission to Britain for the construction of the lighthouse on Pulau Batu Puteh.

However, he contended that Malaysia had not provided any evidence on such permission.

He claimed that Malaysia had only relied on indirect inferences from letters which did not even mention Pulau Batu Puteh.

Malaysia said that Pulau Batu Puteh was not terra nullius and that Johor had had the original title to the island and the two marine features since time immemorial.

It said that Singapore was merely the administrator of the lighthouse on Pulau Batu Puteh and activities that have taken place there were just acts required by a lighthouse administrator.

After Malaysia's final arguments, the court will adjourn the case before coming out with a decision, which is expected to be before June next year.

The Malaysian delegation is headed by Tan Sri Abdul Kadir Mohamad, Ambassador at Large, who is also the Prime Minister's Adviser on Foreign Affairs.

He is Malaysia's agent for the case while Datuk Noor Farida Ariffin, the Malaysian 5Ambassador to the Netherlands, is the co-agent

Attorney-General Tan Sri Abdul Gani Patail is also representing Malaysia together with Malaysia's team of international lawyers, namely Sir Elihu Lauterpacht and James Crawford, both professors in International Law at the Cambridge University; Nicolaas Jan Schrijver, professor of Public International Law, Leiden University; Marcelo G. Kohen, professor of International Law, the Graduate Institute of International Studies, Geneva; and Penelope Nevill, college lecturer, Downing College, Cambridge University - Bernama

Pasukan Malaysia Sudah Bersedia Hadapi Pusingan Akhir Penghujahan Di ICJ

Daripada Nor Faridah A. Rashid

THE HAGUE, 21 Nov - Pasukan Malaysia sudah bersedia untuk menghadapi pusingan akhir penghujahan secara lisan esok dan lusa dalam kes pertikaian dengan Singapura mengenai hak kedaulatan Pulau Pulau Batu Puteh, Terumbu Karang Tengah dan Terumbu Karang Selatin di Mahakmah Keadilan Antarabangsa (ICJ).

Anggota pasukan itu tetap bersemangat tinggi dan sentiasa kelihatan riang walaupun terpaksa bersengkang mata hingga ke pagi sejak beberapa hari lepas bagi membuat persiapan untuk mematahkan hujah Singapura berhubung kes itu.

Pada pusingan akhir nanti, mereka akan menjawab dan mematahkan hujah lisan yang dikemukakan Singapura pada Isnin dan Selasa semasa pasukan republik itu membentangkan kes mereka bagi pusingan kedua.

Pusingan pertama pembentangan hujah secara lisan oleh Singapura berlangusng selama empat hari iaitu dari 6 hingga 9 Nov manakala pusingan pertama bagi Malaysia pula berlangsung dari 13 hingga 16 Nov.

Semasa menggulung hujahnya pada Selasa, republik itu berkata ia telah menunjukkan bahawa pada 1847, Pulau Batu Puteh adalah kawasan yang tidak dimiliki oleh sesiapa (terra nullius), dan bahawa dari 1847 hingga 1851, Britain mengambil pulau berkenaan tanpa keizinan daripada mana-mana pemerintah tempatan.

Ejen Singapura, Tommy Koh, berkata walaupun Malaysia menyatakan ia telah memberi kebenaraan kepada Britain untuk membina sebuah rumah api di Pulau Batu Puteh tetapi ia tidak mengemukakan bukti mengenainya.

Beliau berkata Malaysia hanya bergantung pada rujukan tidak langsung kepada surat-surat yang tidak sedikitpun menyebut Pulau Batu Puteh.

Malaysia bagaimanapun menegaskan bahawa Pulau Batu Puteh bukan terra nullius kerana Johor adalah pemegang hak milik asal ke atas pulau itu serta dua terumbu karang lain sejak zaman berzaman.

Malaysia juga berkata Singapura hanyalah pentadbir rumah api yang terdapat di Pulau Batu Puteh manakala semua kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh republik itu di sana tidak lebih daripada tindakan yang perlu dilakukan oleh mana-mana pengendali rumah api.

Setelah Malaysia selesai menggulung hujahnya, ICJ akan menangguhkan perbicaraan tuntutan bertindih ini, sebelum mengisytiharkan keputusannya, yang dijangka dibuat sebelum Jun tahun depan.

Pasukan Malaysia diketuai Tan Sri Abdul Kadir Mohamad, Duta Tugas-tugas Khas, yang juga Penasihat Hal Ehwal Luar kepada Perdana Menteri.

Beliau juga bertindak sebagai ejen Malaysia bagi kes ini manakala Datuk Noor Farida Ariffin, Duta Malaysia ke Belanda, adalah ejen bersama.

Malaysia turut diwakili Peguam Negara Tan Sri Abdul Gani Patail serta barisan peguam antarabangsa terdiri daripada Sir Elihu Lauterpacht dan James Crawford, profesor Undang-undang Antarabangsa di Cambridge University; Nicolaas Jan Schrijver, profesor Undang-undang Awam Antarabangsa di Leiden University; Marcelo G. Kohen, profesor Undang-undang Antarabangsa di Graduate Institute of International Studies, Geneva; dan Penelope Nevill, pensyarah di Downing College, Cambridge University - Bernama

Malaysia's Sovereignty Dispute Team Still Perky Despite Sleepless

From Nor Faridah Abdul Rashid

THE HAGUE, Nov 21 - "Sleepless in the Netherlands." This is what the Malaysian delegation working here tirelessly on the Pulau Batu Puteh sovereignty dispute must have felt over the last few weeks.

They only sleep for about two-and-a-half hours each night but early in the morning they are up and about, in high spirits, ready to tackle the case which is being heard before the International Court of Justice (ICJ).

The case had started at 10am (5pm Malaysian time) daily for the last 10 days of sitting. On Thursday and Friday the hearing will commence at 3pm when Malaysia replies to Singapore's second final round of oral arguments.

Since the dispute involves legal and historical factors, extensive research had to be done.

Raja Nazrin Aznam, Under-Secretary of the Adjudication and Arbitration Division, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, said that various agencies were involved in the research work, which had to be carried out thoroughly.

"Our officers get only two-and-a-half hours of sleep, They work until the wee hours of the morning," he told Malaysian reporters covering the case.

Describing the research work as "voluminous and extensive", he said that it was also carried out worldwide in archives and museums.

The parties involved included the Department of Survey and Mapping, the National Archives, the National Hydrographic Centre of the Royal Malaysian Navy and individuals who are experts in their fields, apart from the Attorney-General's Chambers and officers from the Adjudication and Arbitration Division.

Raja Nazrin said that the Johor state government and the Johor palace had also been helping a lot in the preparations for the sovereignty dispute between Malaysia and Singapore concerning Pulau Batu Puteh, Middle Rocks and South Ledge.

Malaysia's first navy chief, Tan Sri K.Thanabalasingam, who had written the Letter of Promulgation in 1968, was also involved.

"We have people who can think out of the box," Raja Nazrin said.

The Letter of Promulgation describes the outer limits of Malaysian territoral waters and the so-called foreign claimed waters in West Malaysia for purposes of Royal Malaysian Navy patrols. Malaysia had submitted this letter to the court to show that it regarded Pulau Batu Puteh, Middle Rocks and South Ledge and their surrounding waters as Malaysian territory.

Others in the Malaysian delegation who are acting as technical advisors include Tan Ah Bah, Director of Survey (Boundary Affairs Section), Department of Survey and Mapping, and Professor Dr Sharifah Mastura Syed Abdullah, Dean of the Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanitites, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM).

Raja Nazrin said each of the team members had background experience and are experts in their own fields.

"We do not create a team overnight. It is a good team and their spirits are always up," he said, adding that meetings were held everyday.

"Quality control" was carried out at 7am everyday to make sure that all the papers prepared for the judges carried references and the draft speeches must also be checked, he said, adding that up to today, "17,500 pages" had been prepared for the case.

Raja Nazrin also said that the graphics for presentation were all done in-house - Bernama

Pasukan Malaysia Bersemangat Walaupun Kurang Tidur

Daripada Nor Faridah A. Rashid

THE HAGUE, 21 Nov - Walaupun tidak cukup tidur khususnya sejak dua minggu lepas, semangat juang tetap terserlah pada setiap anggota pasukan Malaysia ke Mahkamah Keadilan Antarabangsa di sini yang sedang mendengar kes pertikaian hak kedaulatan Pulau Batu Puteh.

Mereka cuma dapat melelapkan mata selama dua setengah jam setiap hari sebelum bangun semula pada paginya untuk ke mahkamah.


BERSEMANGAT… Para petugas di Sekretariat Malaysia di The Hague, Belanda sibuk menyedia dan menyiapkan folder mengandungi 90 fail yang perlu diserahkan kepada Mahkamah Keadilan Antarabangsa (ICJ), sebagai rujukan. Foto: Abdullah Ibrahim

Kes bermula pada 10 pagi (5 petang waktu Malaysia) setiap hari sepanjang 10 hari perbicaraan setakat ini. Esok dan lusa kes bermula pada 3 petang (10 malam waktu Malaysia) untuk Malaysia menjawab hujah Singapura pada pembentangan lisan pusingan kedua.

Memandangkan pertikaian itu melibatkan faktor perundangan dan sejarah, penyelidikan yang rapi perlu dijalankan dan ini dilakukan oleh pelbagai agensi, kata Raja Nazrin Aznam, Setiausaha Bahagian, Bahagian Pengadilan dan Timbang Tara, Wisma Putra.

"Pegawai-pegawai kita bekerja hingga larut malam," katanya kepada pemberita Malaysia yang membuat liputan kes itu.

Sambil menyifatkan bahan penyelidikan itu sebagai "bertimbun-timbun dan meluas", beliau berkata semakan juga dilakukan di arkib dan muzium di serata dunia.

Agensi yang terlibat termasuk Jabatan Ukur dan Pemetaan, Arkib Negara dan pusat hidrografi Tentera Laut Diraja Malaysia. Bantuan juga diperoleh daripada individu yang pakar dalam bidang tertentu.

Raja Nazrin berkata kerajaan negeri Johor dan Istana Johor juga banyak membantu dalam membuat persediaan.

Individu yang terlibat termasuk Panglima TLDM pertama Tan Sri K.Thanabalasingam yang telah menulis surat pemberitahuan rasmi mengenai had kawasan perairan Malaysia bagi tujuan rondaan oleh kapal-kapal TLDM.

Malaysia telah mengemukakan surat itu kepada ICJ untuk menunjukkan bahawa Pulau Batu Puteh, Terumbu Karang Tengah dan Terumbu Karang Selatan serta perairan sekelilingnya terletak dalam perairan Malaysia.

Anggota delegasi Malaysia yang menyumbang nasihat teknikal termasuk Pengarah Ukur (Seksyen Urusan Sempadan), Jabatan Ukur dan Pemetaan, Tan Ah Bah, dan Dekan Fakulti Sains Sosial dan Kemanusiaan, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) Prof Dr Sharifah Mastura Syed Abdullah.

Raja Nazrin berkata setiap anggota pasukan mempunyai pengalaman dan kepakaran dalam bidang tersendiri.

"Pasukan ini dibentuk bukan dalam sekelip mata. Ia satu pasukan yang mantap dan semangat mereka tinggi," katanya.

Raja Nazrin juga menyenaraikan tugas pasukan itu dari pagi hingga ke malam.

Pada 7 pagi setiap hari, sesi "kawalan mutu" diadakan antaranya bagi memastikan semua dokumen mempunyai rujukan sebelum dibentangkan di mahkamah.

"Draf penghujahan juga perlu disemak supaya ia benar-benar kemas," katanya.

Raja Nazrin berkata bahawa setakat ini sebanyak 17,500 muka surat telah disediakan untuk kes itu manakala gambar rajah grafik dibuat secara dalaman - Bernama

Malaysia optimistic of success

By : V. Anbalagan reporting from The Hague

SPIRITS are high in the Malaysian camp ahead of the second round of oral submissions before the International Court of Justice today in the Pulau Batu Puteh case.

The Foreign Ministry under-secretary in charge of adjudication and arbitration, Raja Nazrin Aznam, said the Malaysian side was optimistic that it would succeed in convincing the ICJ.

"We may be exhausted but morale is high as we are working as a team. We want to put in a sterling performance before allowing the court to decide on the dispute."

The team is assisted by a support staff comprising university lecturers, those with legal knowledge and government officials with technical know-how.

On Tuesday, the team gathered for a brain-storming session soon after Singapore completed its submission. Tasks were delegated as to who should attend to points raised by Singapore.

Malaysia will submit over the next two days.

A secretariat has been set up at the hotel where the Malaysians are staying, and Raja Nazrin said meetings were being held daily, with everyone given tasks, including clarifying issues raised by the republic.

Last week, the production team worked until the wee hours of the morning to ensure that texts of speeches to be delivered before the court were in order.

"Since last week, all of us have had only two or three hours of sleep a night," said Raja Nazrin, who has been involved in the case since 1993.

He said all written submissions in folders were presented to the court registry by 9am, an hour before judges were on the Bench.

After the final rebuttals, the court is expected to make its ruling next year on the territorial dispute, which began in 1979.

The island, located 7.7 nautical miles from Tanjung Penyusuh on the Malaysian mainland, is currently under the jurisdiction of Singapore.

"Pulau Batu Puteh will remain in the hands of Singapore if we do not go through the legal process, and we have at least a 50 per cent chance of regaining the island by referring the dispute to the court," he said.

Attorney-General Tan Sri Abdul Gani Patail will kick-start Malaysia's submission today, followed by five other speakers.

Malaysia's case is anchored on the basis that the island has belonged to the Johor Sultanate from time immemorial and that the British merely had the permission of the rulers to build and administer the Horsburgh lighthouse.

Singapore had argued that Pulau Batu Puteh was no man's land when the British took lawful possession of the island in 1847 and built the lighthouse there - The New Straits Time

Delegasi kita tetap yakin

THE HAGUE, Belanda 21 Nov. – Pasukan Malaysia mempunyai dua hari sahaja lagi untuk berhujah di Mahkamah Keadilan Antarabangsa (ICJ) di sini dalam usaha untuk memastikan Pulau Batu Putih, Middle Rocks dan South Ledge menjadi milik negara selama-lamanya.


Abdul Kadir Mohamad (tengah) mempengerusikan mesyuarat persediaan bersama para delegasi di hotel penginapannya di The Hague, Belanda, kelmarin.

Pasukan pertama yang tiba di sini pada 27 Oktober lalu bersengkang mata setiap hari menyediakan pelbagai keperluan termasuk dokumen-dokumen supaya setiap hujah Malaysia dapat disokong dengan bukti-bukti penting.

Namun di sebalik kerja keras itu, menurut Setiausaha Bahagian Adjudikasi dan Timbang Tara Kementerian Luar, Raja Nazrin Aznam, delegasi Malaysia tetap cergas serta berkeyakinan untuk terus memperjuangkan kedaulatan negara ke atas ketiga-tiga pulau itu.

Beliau berkata, penyelidikan mengenai kes tuntutan bertindih ketiga-tiga bentuk maritim itu bermula sejak 17 tahun lalu iaitu sebelum Pulau Sipadan dan Ligitan menjadi rebutan antara Malaysia dan Indonesia lagi.

Beliau yang telah bersama pasukan penyelidik itu sejak 14 tahun lalu memberitahu, pelbagai pihak seperti Tentera Udara Diraja Malaysia (TUDM), Tentera Laut Diraja Malaysia (TLDM), Jabatan Meteorologi, Istana Johor, Polis Diraja Malaysia (PDRM), Jabatan Perikanan, Arkib Negara dan Kerajaan Negeri Johor terlibat menyediakan pelbagai dokumen yang diperlukan dalam kes tersebut.

Katanya, proses penghantaran dokumen-dokumen penting serta hujah-hujah Malaysia berhubung kes tersebut bermula dengan penyediaan memorial, balasan memorial dan jawapan memorial iaitu pada 25 Mac 2004 hingga 25 November 2005.

Sebaik sahaja kes tuntutan bertindih itu didengar di ICJ di sini bermula pada 6 November lalu, katanya, kesemua pihak yang terlibat menggandakan usaha untuk memastikan tiada maklumat penting tercicir ketika kes tersebut dibentangkan di hadapan barisan hakim.

“Kami hanya tidur dua jam sehari kerana kes ini rumit dan penyediaan dokumen perlu dibuat secara teratur sebelum ia diserahkan kepada Pendaftar Mahkamah tepat pukul 9 pagi setiap hari,” katanya kepada wartawan Malaysia di sini.

Bagaimanapun, para pegawai dan penyelidik yang menyumbang tenaga untuk menjayakan kes tersebut masih kelihatan cergas dan mampu menghadirkan diri di mahkamah setiap hari untuk mendengar setiap hujah yang dibentangkan terutama oleh pihak Singapura.

Barisan peguam antarabangsa yang mewakili Malaysia juga, katanya, bertungkus-lumus hingga lewat pagi untuk memastikan setiap hujah mereka menepati matlamat negara untuk mempertahankan kedaulatan ke atas Pulau Batu Putih, Middle Rocks dan South Ledge.

Menurut Raja Nazrin, delegasi Malaysia yang diketuai oleh Duta Tugas-Tugas Khas, Tan Sri Abdul Kadir Mohamad bermesyuarat bersama anggota-anggota yang lain termasuk Peguam Negara, Tan Sri Abdul Gani Patail dan Duta Malaysia ke Belanda, Datuk Noor Farida Ariffin setiap hari selepas mahkamah menangguhkan kesnya.

Pertemuan harian itu, katanya, diadakan bagi memastikan setiap hujah Singapura dapat disanggah menerusi bukti-bukti berupa dokumen perjanjian dan pemetaan.

Barisan peguam yang mewakili negara terdiri daripada Profesor Sir Elihu Lauterpacht, Profesor James Crawford, Profesor Nicolaas Jan Schrijver, Profesor Marcelo G. Kohen dan Penelope Nevill.

Singapura telah menutup kes mereka kelmarin manakala Malaysia akan mengemukakan hujah-hujah terakhirnya pada esok dan Jumaat.

Persidangan kes tuntutan bertindih Pulau Batu Putih, Middle Rocks dan South Ledge berlangsung di hadapan Naib Presiden ICJ, Hakim Awn Shawkat Al-Khasawneh bersama 15 hakim lagi termasuk dua hakim ad hoc.

Keputusan kes ini dijangka diketahui enam bulan lagi - Utusan Malaysia